Quiz chemiczny trudne pytania Quiz Online

1/249

Which of the listed compounds belong to surface active?

Soap and hydrocarboxylic acids

Alkalis, inorganic acids

Mineral acids and salts

Alcohols and bases

Sulfoacids, amines

2/249

It is used as titrant (secondary standard) in argentometry:

AgNO3.

CaSO4

NaCl.

KMnO4

KBr

3/249

What is the molar concentration of a solution containing 15.0 g of CH3COOH and 20 mL of water?

0.0125 M

1.25 M

12.5 М

0.2 M

0.125 M

4/249

Choose the substance solubility which is increase with increasing pressure:

Nitrogen.

Ethanol

Calcium hydroxide.

Sodium sulfate.

Acetic acid.

5/249

The surfactant is all compounds except:

Proteins.

Amino acids.

Sodium chloride.

Alcohols.

Fatty acids.

6/249

The dispensing chemist has been studying properties of certain disperse system classes, namely, aerosols. What optical phenomenon is characteristic of this disperse system class?

Light refraction

Light scattering

Light absorption

Opalescence

Light reflection

7/249

What concept is correct?

Surfactant decrease surface tension.

Surfactant increase surface tension at 4 times.

Surfactant increase surface tension in 3 times.

Surfactant increase surface tension at twice.

Surfactant does not change surface tension.

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Which involves the colligative properties?

Heating of solvent.

Allowing a carbonated beverage to warm to room temperature.

Adding salt to the water in which pasta is being cooked.

Heating of alcohol

Pouring a concentrated solution into a dilute solution.

9/249

A measure of how little the pH changes with the addition of a given amount of acid or base:

The buffer capacity.

Heat capacity.

Acidity of solution.

Ionic water product.

The concentration of H+.

10/249

What is tipical coordinating number for Zn2+.

7

5

2

4

8

11/249

The following questions refer to osmotic pressure of solution: a semipermeable membrane allows:

Only solute through

Both solute and solvent through

Non of the above

Only solvent through

Only salt through

12/249

The acidic buffer system is the mixture of the following compounds solutions:

Hydrochloric acid and sodium chloride

Carbonic acid and sodium hydrogen carbonate

Carbonic acid and potassium chloride

Ammonium chloride and ammonium hydroxide

Sodium carbonate and sodium phosphate

13/249

Of the following, which has the smallest particle size difference?

Colloids.

Suspension.

True solution.

Dust particles in air.

Gels.

14/249

Water has an abnormally large surface tension because:

Constantly evaporates

Large force of attraction between dipoles of water

Small force of attraction between dipoles of water

Does not exist intermolecular interaction forces

Small reserve free surface energy

15/249

The surface phenomenon on which occurs only at the surface of the adsorbent is:

Neutralization.

Sedimentation.

Adhesion

Adsorption

Absorption.

16/249

Surface tension is measured at:

N/dm2.

J/m.

N/sm2.

J/sm.

N/m.

17/249

End points in acid-base titration were determined by such indicator:

Methyl red.

Potassium chromate.

Eriochrome black T.

Potassium permanganate.

Iodine.

18/249

Surface tension is an important characteristic of liquids. For any of the substances it is maximum?

Benzene

Water

Chloroform

Ethanol

Acetone

19/249

What equation is using for calculated рН solutions in electrochemistry?

Nernst.

Electro-neutrality.

Shredyngare

Raoult’s.

Arrhenius

20/249

What color of litmus in alkalic midium?

Uncolor.

Red;

Orange;

Broun;

Blue;

21/249

The process which involves the movement of colloidal particles towards one or the other electrode when placed under the influence of an electric field:

Hemodialysis

Electrophoresis

Ultrafiltration

Electrodialysis.

Ultracentrifugation

22/249

These condensation methods is all except:

Hydrolysis.

Reduction.

Dispersion.

Reduction.

Double decomposition.

23/249

Colloid systems have following properties except:

Diffusion.

Sedimentation.

Osmotic pressure.

Brownian movement effect.

Denaturation.

24/249

In a solution the substance that is being dissolved is called the:

Solvent.

Solute

Filtrate.

Substance.

Emulsifier.

25/249

Under what conditions the limited swelling of gelatine turns into the unlimited one?

Heating

In presence of PO43- ions

Cooling

In presence of H+ ions whose concentration is equal to their concentration in the isoelectric point

In presence of Cl- ions

26/249

According to the Traube’s rule - coefficient of Traube is equal:

3-3.5

4-4.5

2-3

1-2

0-1

27/249

Physiological solution is:

Those which have the greater osmotic pressure then blood plasma.

Solution is one in which the concentration of solute is greater than its concentration in a saturated solution.

Those which have lest osmotic pressure then blood plasma.

Solution in which the concentration of solute is less than its concentration in a saturated solution.

Those which have a same osmotic pressure as blood plasma.

28/249

Calomel electrode is.

The metal - metal ion electrode.

Metal-insoluble salt-anion electrode.

Membrane electrode.

Inert "oxidation-reduction" electrode.

The gas-ion electrode is electrode.

29/249

What is compound used as catalyst for hydrolysis starch?

CuSO4

I2.

CaCl2.

HCl.

NaOH.

30/249

What is indicator used in acid-base titration?

Metylorange.

Potassium permanganate.

Potassium chromate.

Starch.

Sodium nitrate.

31/249

How to explain from the molecular point of view of decreasing of surface tension with the increase of temperature?

Decreasing of reserve of surface free energy

Forces of interaction between the molecules increase

Formation of new structures

Increasing of reserve of surface free energy

Forces of interaction between the molecules in the solution and on the boundary of two phases decrease

32/249

Surfactants are commonly used in pharmaceutical production. What kind of surfactant is potassium oleate?

Amphoteric

Cationic

Nonionic

None of the above

Anionic

33/249

Extensive properties are all accept:

Gibbs free energy.

Volume.

Density.

Heat capacity.

Mass

34/249

Which of the following are miscible combinations?

Methanol (CH3OH) and water.

Acetic acid (vinegar) and gasoline.

Baking soda (a basic salt) in benzene (C6H6).

Gasoline (nonpolar molecule) and water.

Sulphur and water.

35/249

When computing quantities of adjuvant substances required to make liquid drug forms isotonic, the values of isotonic quotients are used. What is the quotient for zinc sulphate if known that it dissociates completely in an aqueous solution?

4

1

3

0

2

36/249

Which of the following statements best describes the Second Law of Thermodynamics?

Energy can be neither created nor destroyed

At absolute zero, the entropy of a perfect crystal is considered to be zero.

The enthalpy of the universe always increases in spontaneous processes

When an isolated system undergoes a spontaneous change, the entropy of the system will increase.

The internal energy of the universe is constant.

37/249

Which one of the listed phenomena belongs to the sorption process?

Dissolution

Fractionating

Sublimation

Desorption

Absorption

38/249

Uncolor.

Strong alkalane;

Neutral

Strong acid.

Weakly acid;

Weak-alkaline;

39/249

The surface phenomenon on which occurs throughout the body of the material is:

Absorption.

Adsorption.

Sedimentation.

Adhesion

Neutralization

40/249

Colloidal solutions have different properties. Optical properties is:

Visibility.

Heterogeneous character.

Osmotic pressure.

Tyndall affect.

Filterability.

41/249

An empirical quantity, and obtained from thy experimental rate law is:

Rate constant.

Mass constant.

Stoichiometric coefficient.

Reaction order.

Molecularity.

42/249

The positive absorption of surface active compounds is explained by:

Chemical interaction of molecules of surface active compounds and water

Flowing of chemical reactions

Length of surfactant’s molecules

Weak interaction of dipole of water with the molecules of surface active compounds

Small solubility of surface active compounds in water.

43/249

Electrode potential is formed in systems when are such reactions:

Oxidation – redaction reaction:

Neutralization reaction.

Double decomposing reaction;

Precipitation reaction;

Hydrolysis reaction;

44/249

Gas-ion electrode is electrode:

Hydrogen electrode.

Cu/Cu2+ electrode.

Silver-silver chloride electrode.

Glass electrode.

Zn/Zn2+ electrode.

45/249

Surface active substances accumulate on the surface of liquids because they

Are slightly soluble

Increase free surface energy

Form complex compounds

Have polar molecules

Reduce free surface energy

46/249

To prepare 50 g of hypertonic sodium chloride solution with mass concentration 10% it is necessary to take:

0,5 g of NaCl

25 g of NaCl

5g of NaCl

1 g of NaCl

50 g of NaCl

47/249

Micelle of a colloid surfactant will have the following structure in a certain solvent: polar groups are turned towards the solvent, while radicals are facing the micelle center. What solvent is it?

Hydrogen sulfide

Tetrachloromethane

Toluene

Benzene

Water

48/249

Choose the substance solubility which is increase with increasing temperature:

Nitrogen.

Carbon (ІV) oxide.

Oxygen.

Sodium sulfate.

Sulfur (ІV) oxide.

49/249

Which of the following substances is positively adsorbed on the surface of water?

HCl

Ca(OH)2

C6H13OH

FeSO4

Al2(SO4)3

50/249

Colligative properties is:

Normality.

Temperature.

Volume.

Molecule weight.

Osmotic pressure.

51/249

The method of treating people with serious diseases and intoxications is based on the absorption of toxic substances from the blood. What is this method called?

Hemadsorption

Hemosorption

Electrophoresis

Dialysis

Ultrafiltration

52/249

Chemisorption generally _______ with temperature

Increases

Decreases

Does not depend on temperature

None of these

Remains the same

53/249

The high molecular compounds (HMC) are used in pharmacy and medicine. What property of colloid solution is typical for solutions of HMC?

Thermodynamics stability.

Structural viscidity.

Swelling.

Dispersion of light.

Jeling.

54/249

Sodium dihydrogenphosphate is:

NaH2PO5

Na3PO3

NaH2PO4

Na2HPO4

Na3PO4.

55/249

Hemolysis.

The solubility of a gas dissolved in a liquid is proportional to the partial pressure of the gas above the liquid.

The spontaneous mixing of the particles of the solute (present in the solution) and the solvent (present above the solution) to form а homogeneous mixture.

The method for determination of molar mass of compounds by freezing-point depression.

In hypertonic solutions, those with higher solute concentrations, cells shrivel because there is а net movement of water out of the cell. The shrinkage of red blood cells in hypertonic solution.

When cells are placed in а solution with а lower solute concentration (hypotonic solution), water will move into the cells. Red blood cells, for example, will swell and rupture.

56/249

While preparing a solution, a pharmaceutical analyst converted a freshly formed precipitate into a sol by treating it with an electrolyte solution. What method of obtaining disperse systems was used by the analyst?

Condensation from steam

Physical condensation

Solvent exchange method

Peptization

Chemical condensation

57/249

Formulate the Duclo – Traube’s rule.

Surface activity increases in 3-3.5 times when one group CH2– is added to the hydrocarbon radical of homologous row

At the increasing of length of hydrocarbon radical on a group CH2– surface tension increase in 2–34 times

At the decreasing of length of hydrocarbon radical on a group CH2– surface tension increase in 2–34 times

At the increase of length of hydrocarbon radical on a group CH2– surface tension increase in 3–3,5 times

At the decreasing of length of hydrocarbon radical surface tension decrease

58/249

Reactions which are flowing past in two parties: the forward reaction - conducts to formation reaction product and reverse reaction - decomposing reaction product on mother substances:

Reversible reaction.

Series reaction.

Conjugating reaction.

Chain reaction.

Parallel reaction.

59/249

A solution of exactly known concentration is named:

Indicator

Molar

Normal

Equimolar

Titrant

60/249

Primary standart for standartisation of HCl solution is:

NH4OH

Na2CO3

H2C2O4

K2SO4

61/249

The thermodynamic quantity that expresses the degree of disorder in a system is:

Entropy

Internal energy

Bond energy

Enthalpy

Heat flow

62/249

The phenomenon of concentrations of molecules of a gas or liquid at a solid surface is called:

Absorption

None of these

Coagulation

Adsorption

Catalysis

63/249

What is unit of gas solubility in water:

By mole per milliliter of solvent.

By grams.

By mole.

By mole per 1000g of solvent.

By percent solute.

64/249

For measuring pH of solution and biological liquids is used such electrode:

Calomel electrode.

Ag/Ag+ electrode.

Cu/Cu2+ electrode.

Zn/Zn2+ electrode.

Glass electrode.

65/249

Diffusion is:

The solubility of a gas dissolved in a liquid is proportional to the partial pressure of the gas above the liquid.

In hypertonic solutions, those with higher solute concentrations, cells shrivel because there is а net movement of water out of the cell.

The spontaneous mixing of the particles of the solute (present in the solution) and the solvent (present above the solution) to form а homogeneous mixture.

When cells are placed in а solution with а lower solute concentration (hypotonic solution), water will move into the cells.

The method for determination of molar mass of compounds by ffreezing-point depression.

66/249

Which one of the following processes a decrease in entropy of the system?

Mixing of two gases into one container

Freezing water to form ice

Dissolution of solid KCl in water

Melting ice to form water

Boiling water to form steam

67/249

What is one property of a suspension that is different from that of a solution or a colloid?

Suspension has Tindall effect

Suspension is always clear

If left to rest, the particles of a suspension will settle out.

Suspensions are colorless

The particles of a suspension reflect light.

68/249

The phenomenon of plasmolysis arises up in:

Physiological solution.

Low concentrated solutions.

Hypertonic solution.

Dilute solutions.

Hypotonic solutions.

69/249

An example of a colloid which is an emulsion is:

Mayonnaise

Fog

Oil

Wipped cream

Gelatin

70/249

When a thin slice of sugar beet is placed in a concentrated solution of NaCl then sugar beet will………….

Loss solvent from its cell

Dissolve in solution.

Absorb water from solution.

Lose water from its cell.

Neither absorb nor lose water.

71/249

Emulsions containing less then 0,1% of dispersed phase (in volume) are classified as:

High-concentration

Water-in-oil type

Concentrated

Diluted

Oil-in-water type

72/249

Increase in _______ of the adsorbent increases the total amount of the gas adsorbed

Surface tension

Surface area

Density

Temperature

Volume

73/249

What element is macro element?

Co

Mn

Fe

Cu.

Na.

74/249

Which of the given liquids has the maximal value of surface tension?

Water

Ethanol

Acetone

Chloroform

Benzol

75/249

At diminishing of length of hydrocarbon radical in the molecules of surface active compounds:

No one

Hydrophilic properties increase

Solubility increase

Surface activity increase

Own surface tension increase

76/249

Surface activity is:

Superficial energy attributed to unit of surface

Increase of adsorption at decreasing of concentration of substance on unit

Relation between change of surface tension of the solution toward the change of concentration of substance on unit

Change of surface of solution at the change of concentration of substance on unit

Relation between surface energy and unit of volume

77/249

Microorganisms that reach blood and other biological systems have negative surface charge. What surfactants are used as antibacterial agents to suppress the action of microorganisms?

Micellar

Lyophilic

Anionic

Cationic

Lyophobic

78/249

What method ensures reliable sterilization of biological liquids (serums, solutions, enzymes, vitamines etc.) that cannot be exposed to high temperatures?

Flowing steam

Moist steam under pressure

Dry heat

Flaming

Tyndallization

79/249

An empirical quantity, and obtained from thy experimental rate law is:

Reaction order.

Rate constant.

Mass constant.

Stoichiometric coefficient.

Molecularity.

80/249

Solution of HCl is used as a titrant for determination of:

NaCl

H2SO4

CH3COOH

Na2CO3

K2SO4

81/249

An elementary reaction proposed as an individual step in а mechanism is:

Mass constant.

Stoichiometric coefficient.

Reaction order.

Molecularity

Rate constant.

82/249

An oktanol (C8H17OH) decreases the surface tension of water, because it:

Has small own surface tension

Surface tension is constant

Has large surface tension

Well absorbed

Insoluble in water

83/249

Which buffer solution through the listed ones is the ampholytic buffer system of the blood:

Hydrogen carbonate buffer

Protein buffer

Phosphate buffer

Oxyhemoglobin buffer

Hemoglobin buffer

84/249

What factor influences on the value of maximum adsorption of surface active compounds on a liquid – gas interfaces?

Length of hydrocarbon radical

Surface area of functional group of surface active compounds

Number of the active centers of interfaces

Area of interfaces

Concentration of solution of surface active compounds

85/249

It is used in neutralization titration such indicator:

Iodine

Eriochrome black T.

Potassium chromate.

Methyl orange.

Potassium permanganate.

86/249

What factor influence for pH of buffer solution:

Water product.

Heat capacity.

Atmospheric pressure.

Ratio between solution component concentrations.

Temperature of solution.

87/249

Mass fraction is:

The mass of component divided by the total mass making up the solution.

The number of moles of the component divided by the total number of moles making up the solution.

The number of grams of the component divided by the number of milliliters of solution.

The number of moles of solute per volume (liter) of solution.

The volume of the component divided by the total volume making up the solution.

88/249

X=K*P is

Raoult's law equation.

Freezing point determination equation.

Boiling-point elevation equation.

Henry's law equation.

Van’t Hoff law equation.

89/249

What color of phenolphalein in alkalic midium?

Orange;

Yellow;

Uncolor.

Red;

90/249

The process in which reagents react with surface of catalyst is named:

Heterogeneous catalysis.

Negative catalysis.

Positive catalysis.

Homogeneous catalysis.

Autocatalysis.

91/249

Coagulation this:

Aggregation of the particles arising from the stabilizing effect of this secondary minimum.

System, in which a dispersion phase and dispersion medium are liquids, which are non dissolved eth other.

Part of chemistry, which studies physical and chemical properties of microheterogeneous system and HMC.

Oxidation of element in colloidal solution.

The process of separating the particles of colloids from those of crystalloids by diffusion of the mixture through а parchment or an animal membrane.

92/249

Skin diseases can be treated with pastes. What class of disperse systems can the pastes be related to?

Suspensions

Emulsions

Powders

Foams

Aerosols

93/249

Increasing the polarity of liquid molecules, the surface tension at the interface liquid-gas is:

Lowered

Remains unchanged

Increased;

Lowered to zero

The surface tension does not depend on the polarity.

94/249

Addition polymerization is reaction…

Aggregation of the particles arising from the stabilizing effect of this secondary minimum.

Occurs when unsaturated monomers react to form а polymer.

In а gravitational field, heavy particles settle towards the foot of а column of solution.

Oxidation of element in colloidal solution.

The process of separating the particles of colloids from those of crystalloids by diffusion of the mixture through а parchment or an animal membrane.

95/249

Phenomenon of decreasing system volume resulting from polymer swelling is called:

Sedimentation

Dissolution

Solvation

Coagulation

Contraction

96/249

When sugar is added to water, what is the change observed in boiling and freezing points of water?

Both boiling point and freezing point increases.

Boiling point increases and freezing point decreases.

Both boiling point and freezing point decreases.

Boiling point decreases and freezing point increases.

97/249

For the general reaction, 2A + B2 > 2AB, H is +50.0 kJ. We can conclude that:

The reaction is endothermic.

The molecule AB contains less energy than A or B2.

The standard enthalpy of formation of AB is -50.0 kJ.

The surroundings absorb energy.

The reaction is exothermic

98/249

Emulsions are widely used in pharmaceutical practice. What is the process of spontaneous merging of drops in emulsions called?

Coagulation

Flocculation

Flotation

Coalescence

Sedimentation

99/249

The rules of selective adsorption are:

Pescov-Panet-Faiences’ rule.

Shulce – Hardy.

Vant – Goff.

Duklo – Trauber.

100/249

The range pH of a changes in color of phenophthalein (Кa = 10– 9 ) is:

8–9

8–11

9–10

8–10

10–11

101/249

What are par substances can not form solution?

Calcium sulfate and water.

Potassium chloride and water.

Silver chloride and water.

Sodium phosphate and water.

Silver nitrate and water.

102/249

What species are called adsorbents?

Which are penetrating in the bulk of other substance

Which absorbs other substances both with their volume and surface

Which can not release their surfaces from the adsorbate molecules

Which can absorb other substance by all volume

On the surface of which adsorption takes place

103/249

If the pressure is increased over a solution in which a solid is dissolved in a liquid, what happens to the solubility of the solid?

At first increase after decrease.

No change.

Decreases.

Increases.

Non of the above

104/249

Hemolysis is phenomenon when cells are placed in а sodium chlorate solution with:

0,9 %.

0,5 %.

2,9 %.

1,5 %.

2,5 %.

105/249

Vapour pressure decreases with:

Increase in concentration of the solution.

Decrease in solute particles in the solution.

Increase in freezing point.

Decrease in concentration of the solution.

Decrease in boiling point.

106/249

Particles of dispersed phase of an emulsion are deformed and look as polyhedrons. What emulsion is it?

Water-in-oil

Oil-in water

High-concentrated

Concentrated

Diluted

107/249

If the amount of high-molecular substance added to the given sol is extremely small, it is possible its stability will decrease, instead of increase. What is this phenomenon called?

Solubilization

Sensitization

Syneresis

Synergism

Sedimentation

108/249

What is the main principle which is the basis of the Langmuir theory of mono-molecular adsorption?

Adsorption takes place on the whole surface of the adsorbent

Chemical interaction between the adsorbent and adsorbate molecules takes place

Adsorbate is distributed on an adsorbent by a poly-molecular layer

Adsorption takes place only on the active centers of the adsorbent surface

Adsorption takes place only in the volume of adsorbent

109/249

The acidic buffer system is the mixture of the following compounds solutions:

Carbonic acid and potassium chloride

Acetic acid and potassium acetate

Phosphoric acid and sodium sulfate

Ammonium chloride and ammonium hydroxide

Hydrochloric acid and sodium chloride

110/249

Which one of the following will exhibit highest osmotic pressure at 25°C?

Sucrose

Calcium chloride

Urea

KCl

Glucose

111/249

The substances that get adsorbed on the solid surface due to intermolecular attraction are called:

Adsorption

Desorption

Adsorbate

Adsorbent.

Absorption.

112/249

The adsorption of gases with a solid adsorbent does not depend on:

Specific surface of the adsorbent

Partial pressure

Volume of a gas

Nature of a gas

Temperature

113/249

Hemolysis is phenomenon when cells are placed in а sodium chlorate solution with:

1,5 %.

2,9 %.

0,9 %.

2,5 %.

0,5 %.

114/249

By the rule of selective adsorption an adsorbent must by:

To be easily soluble compound.

To be soluble compound.

To be liquid.

To be gaseous.

To have a certain crystalline grate.

115/249

Which of the following is not a property of solution?

It has a homogeneous composition.

It is consist of a single phase.

It has a definite composition.

It can be physically separated into its components.

Thermodynamic stable solution.

116/249

An elementary reaction proposed as an individual step in а mechanism is:

Mass constant.

Reaction order.

Stoichiometric coefficient.

Molecularity.

Rate constant.

117/249

High molecular connections (HMC) are compounds with molecular mass of order...

10 – 102 atomic units of mass.

10 – 103 atomic units of mass.

10-2 - 10-10 atomic units of mass.

10-4 – 10-б atomic units of mass.

104 – 10б atomic units of mass.

118/249

Solution of potassium permanganate (KMnO4) as titrant usually use in:

Chelatometry.

Precipitation

Acid-base titration.

Oxidation-reduction titration.

Sedimentation.

119/249

Which ions will be selectively adsorbed on the surface of slightly soluble silicic acid (Н2SiO3)?

SO42-

H+

Na+

Al3+

Ca2+

120/249

Gibbs adsorption equation express connection between:

Surface tension and concentration of solution

Nothing of listed

Adsorption, concentration of solution and surface activity

Surface free energy and area of surface

All listed

121/249

Solution is:

Heterogeneous system which consists of two or more components and their products.

Systems, which consist of two phases, one of which is scattered or dispersed in other.

Homogeneous system which consists two or more substances and product of their interaction.

Heterogeneous system in which is impossible to distinguish component parts.

Heterogeneous system which consists two substances.

122/249

Mass fraction is:

The number of grams of the component divided by the number of milliliters of solution.

The mass of component divided by the total mass making up the solution.

The number of moles of the component divided by the total number of moles making up the solution.

The number of moles of solute per volume (liter) of solution.

The number of moles of the component divided by the total number of moles making up the solution.

123/249

Chose the surface active compound which can be adsorbed on a water solution – air interfaces

Sucrose

NaCl

Butyric acid

NaOH

HCI

124/249

What is indicator used in complex-titration?

Potassium chromate.

Eriochrome black T.

Metylorange.

Potassium permanganate.

Sodium nitrate.

125/249

Osmotic pressure is an importans characteristic of biological liquids. Name a solution in which the osmotic pressure has nonconstant value:

Calcium sulfate

Magnesium sulfate

Glucose

Sodium chloride

Sol of argentum chloride

126/249

Factors affection the reaction rate all except:

Surface area of the reactants.

Presence of Catalyst.

Nature of the reactants.

Concentration of the reactants.

Internal energy of systems.

127/249

P"v=NRT

Boiling-point elevation equation.

Henry's law equation.

Van’t Hoff law equation.

Raoult's law equation.

Freezing point determination equation.

128/249

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of physical adsorption?

Occurs rapidly at low temperature

Adsorbate and adsorbent does not form a chemical bond

Adsorption is reversible

Multi molecular layer is formed

?H is of the order 400 kJ

129/249

Stability of concentrated emulsions can be increased by adding surface-action substances and high-molecular compounds that are:

Solvents

Emulsifers

Absorbents

Activators

Catalysts

130/249

Drugs in form of colloidal-and-disperse systems are widely spread in the pharmaceutical practice. What method of sol production is based upon the phenomenon of physical condensation?

Oxidation

Hydrolysis

Double exchange

Solvent substitution

Reduction

131/249

Which of the following factors determine the solubility of a solid substance?

Nature of the intermolecular forces.

Agitation (stirring).

Pressure

All of the above.

Crushing the substance to a powder.

132/249

Solution of HCl is used as a titrant for determination of:

K2SO4

NaCl

K2CO3

H2C2O4

CH3COOH

133/249

It is used as primary standard in permanganatometry:

NaCl

KBr

H2SO4.

K2CrO4.

H2C2O4.

134/249

What purification colloidal solution method is base in “Artificial kidney”?

Hemodialysis

Dialysis.

Ultrafiltration

Ultracentrifugation

Electrodialysis.

135/249

Mass concentration, titer is ……..

Number grams of solute per one milliliter of solution.

The ratio between the volume solute and total volume of solution.

The number of moles of solute dissolved per kilogram of solvent.

The number of moles of solute dissolved per liter of solution.

Quantity mole-equivalent of solute per one liter of solution.

136/249

Which factors through the listed ones can influence on the adsorption of compounds from solutions?

None of the listed factors

Pressure, mass of solution

Nature of solute, solvent, and adsorbent

All listed factors

Volume of solution, mass of adsorbent

137/249

Application of active coal for cleaning of antibiotics is based on the process of spontaneous change of concentration of a component in the superficial layer of aqueous solutions, comparatively with the bulk of the solution. This process is:

Adsorption

Adhesion

Moistening

Desorption

Cohesion

138/249

When a solute is dissolved in water it shows:

Decrease in boiling point of water.

Decrease in freezing point of water.

Increase in vapour pressure of water.

Increase in freezing point of water

All of the above.

139/249

Colloidal solutions have different properties. Colligative properties is:

Tyndall affect.

Visibility.

Osmotic pressure.

Filterability

Heterogeneous character.

140/249

Adsorbate is that substance:

Where adsorption takes place

Which concentrates on the surface

Which helps to increases of reaction rate

Which evaporates from the surface of metals

None of these

141/249

These methods involve the joining together of а large number of smaller particles to form particles of colloidal size is called condensation. What method is condensation?

Peptization.

Oxidation reaction.

Nephelomertry.

Diffraction.

Opalescence.

142/249

Application of activated coal in medical practice is based on its:

Lipophilic properties

High adsorptivity

Solubility in water

Low density

Hydrophilic properties

143/249

Oil floats on water. The most accurate reason for this is:

Oil is both less dense and immiscible with water

Oil is less dense than water

Water and oil has the same density

Oil is immiscible (does not dissolve) in water

Water is heavier than oil

144/249

The concept “The total amount of heat evolved or absorbed in a reaction depends only upon the nature of the initial reactants and that of the final products and does not depend upon the path by which this change is brought about” is:

First law of thermodynamics.

Kirchoff’s law.

Second law of thermodynamics.

Hess’s law.

Third law of thermodynamics.

145/249

According to Hess’s Law, the entropy of reaction:

Continually decreasing

Increases as temperature decreases

Increases as thermal energy is removed

Can be calculated from the standard entropies of the products and the reactants

Is equal to zero for elements

146/249

A process of passing of a precipitate into colloidal particles on adding suitable electrolyte is called

Double decomposition.

Oxidation

Hydrolysis.

Electric method.

Peptization

147/249

van’t Hoff law equation is:

PV=nR*T

x=k*P

P1=X1:P10

148/249

A process under which the chemical interaction between the molecules of adsorbate and superficially-active molecules of adsorbent takes place is referred to as:

Desorption

Adsorption

Sublimation

Hydration

Chemisorption

149/249

Ion exchange adsorption is:

Exchange by electrons

Absorption of gases by solids

Exchange by molecules

The adsorption in which ions of solution exchange with surface adsorbent ions.

Dialysis

150/249

The capacity of а buffer systems pH value depends on:

The molar concentration of the acid-conjugate base pair.

Concentration of water.

Pressure.

Temperature solution.

Name of components.

151/249

What factors influence for rate constant?

Surfactant.

Concentration of the reactants.

Dispersed phase.

Indicator.

Nature of reagents.

152/249

Choose correct of molality unit:

g/ml.

mole-equivalent/l.

mole/kg.

mole/l.

%.

153/249

It is used solution of as primary standard on:

Precipitation titration.

Sedimentation.

Oxidation-reduction titration.

Complexation titration.

Acid-base titration.

154/249

Properties which depend upon the quantity of the matter contained in the system are:

Reversible properties.

Extensive properties.

Intensive properties.

Irreversible properties.

Spontaneous properties.

155/249

Neutral ligands are all except:

Cl-

NН3.

CS

CO

Н2О.

156/249

What compounds is formed in neutralization reaction?

Salt and water;

Acid and base;

Only water.

Strong acids;

Weak acids;

157/249

Surface tension depends on:

Form of glass.

Decrease of pressure.

Nature of liquids.

Freezing temperature.

Volume of liquids.

158/249

What theory contains the statement about the formation of poly-molecular layers?

Gibbs theory

Langmuir theory

Arrhenius theory

Freundlich theory

BET theory

159/249

Which out of the following is incorrect?

?H is small in physical adsorption

Physical adsorption is reversible in nature

Chemisorption is reversible in nature

Multi molecular layer is formed in physical adsorption

?H is large in chemical adsorption

160/249

Molarity is:

The number of moles of solute per volume (liter) of solution.

The number of grams of the component divided by the number of milliliters of solution.

The number of moles of the component divided by the total number of moles making up the solution.

The mass of component divided by the total mass making up the solution.

The volume of the component divided by the total volume making up the solution.

161/249

Which one of the following has the highest heat of neutralisation?

Weak acid + weak base.

Weak acid + water

Strong acid + weak base.

Weak acid + strong base.

Strong acid + strong base.

162/249

The capacity of а buffer solution pH value depends on:

The ratio of acid-conjugate base pair concentrations.

Name of components.

Pressure.

Temperature solution.

Concentration of water.

163/249

The value of ∆H0 for the reaction below is -790 kJ. The enthalpy change accompanying the reaction of 0.1 mol g of S is __________ kJ.
2s(s)+3O2 (g) ---->2SO3

58 kJ

-39,5 kJ

-790 kJ

-79 kJ

-390 kJ

164/249

When a system is at equilibrium:

The forward and the reverse processes are both spontaneous

The process is not spontaneous in either direction

The forward process is spontaneous but the reverse process is not

The reverse process is spontaneous but the forward process is not

Both forward and reverse processes have stopped

165/249

Mole fraction is:

The volume of the component divided by the total volume making up the solution.

The number of grams of the component divided by the number of milliliters of solution.

The mass of component divided by the total mass making up the solution.

The number of moles of solute per volume (liter) of solution.

The number of moles of the component divided by the total number of moles making up the solution.

166/249

For measuring of surface tension of liquid apply methods:

Maximal pressure of formation and tearing off a bubbles of air

Potentiometry

Calorymetry

Conductometry

Refractometry

167/249

?Neutralization reaction is it the reaction between:

Strong base

Weak acids

Weak bases

Acid and base

Strong acids

168/249

Particles of AgCl in a water solution have a size 5•10–6 m. This system is:

True solution

Colloid

Emulsion

Aerosol

Suspension

169/249

Processes, which are between interfaces of two systems, are:

Absorption.

Surface phenomena.

Surface tension.

Coagulation

Boiling.

170/249

What color of methyl red (indicator) in alkalic midium?

Violet;

Red;

Uncolor.

Yellow;

Orange;

171/249

A precipitation titration in which Ag+ is the titrant is named:

Alkalinity.

Complexation titration.

Redox titration.

Argentometric titration.

Acid-base titration.

172/249

Choose the substance solubility which is increase with increasing pressure:

Potassium chloride.

Sodium.

Sulfuric acid.

Carbon.

Sulfur (VI) oxide.

173/249

How does the process of physical adsorption change with the decreasing of temperature?

None is true

All statements are correct

It is decreased

It is increased

Does not change

174/249

Which of the following types of mixtures exhibit the Tyndall effect?

Only true solutions.

True solutions and colloids.

Only colloids.

Only suspensions

True solutions and suspensions.

175/249

For an isochoric process the Heat effect equal:

Change of enthalpy.

Change of free Gibbs’s energy.

Zero

Change of internal energy.

Change of entropy.

176/249

The phenomenon of attracting and retaining the molecules of а substance on the surface of а liquid or а solid resulting into a higher concentration of the molecules on the surface is:

Adsorbent.

Adsorbate.

Desorption.

Adsorption.

Absorption.

177/249

Catalyst influence for:

Rate of reaction.

Decrease pressure.

Increase volume.

Increase temperature.

Ganged of chemical equilibrium.

178/249

Primary standart for standartisation of H2SO4 solution is:

NaCl

H2C2O4

Na2CO3

K2SO4

NH4OH

179/249

A process CANNOT be spontaneous (product-favored) if:

It is exothermic, and there is a decrease in disorder.

The entropy of the universe increases.

It is exothermic, and there is an increase in disorder.

It is endothermic, and there is an increase in disorder.

It is endothermic, and there is a decrease in disorder.

180/249

Which equation can be used for the calculation of surface tension of propionic acid?

Gibbs’

Vant Hoff’s

Rayleigh’s

Langmuir’s

Freundlich’s

181/249

Physical adsorption generally _______ with increasing temperature

Decreases

None of these

Does not depend on temperature

Sometimes decreases, sometime increases

Increases

182/249

Intensive properties are all except:

Density.

Temperature

Pressure.

Heat capacity.

Viscosity.

183/249

Silver-silver chloride electrode is:

Inert "oxidation-reduction" electrode.

Membrane electrode

Metal-insoluble salt-anion electrode.

The metal - metal ion electrode.

The gas-ion electrode is electrode.

184/249

Osmosis is:

The spontaneous process by which the particles of solute pass in solution.

The spontaneous process by which the solvent molecules pass through a semipermeable membrane from a solution of lower concentration of solute into a solution of higher concentration of solute.

The spontaneous process interaction between solvent and solute molecules in solution.

The process by which the solvent molecules pass through a semipermeable membrane from a solvent into a solution.

The spontaneous process formation hydrate.

185/249

Intensive property is:

Gibbs free energy.

Heat capacity.

Volume

Mass.

Viscosity.

186/249

When a small amount of crystal solute is added to the supersaturated solution, the solute crystals will ______.

Slightly dissolve.

Dissolve completely.

Remain unchanged.

Grow bigger.

Dissociate.

187/249

The phenomenon of lowering of vapour pressure is defined as:

Decrease in vapour pressure of a solvent on addition of a non-volatile solute in it.

Decrease in vapour pressure of a solvent on addition of a non-volatile non electrolyte solute in it.

Decrease in vapour pressure of a solvent on addition of a volatile non electrolyte solute in it.

Decrease in vapour pressure of a solvent on addition of a volatile electrolyte solute in it.

Increase in vapour pressure of a solvent on addition of a non-volatile non electrolyte solute in it

188/249

The acidic buffer system is the mixture of the following compounds solutions:

Hydrochloric acid and sodium chloride

Sodium acetate and sodium chloride

Formic acid and potassium formiate

Formic acid and sodium sulfate

Phosphoric acid and sodium sulfate

189/249

In physical adsorption the gas molecules are held to the solid surface by

Sigma bond

Pi bond

Hydrogen bond

Van der Waal’s forces

Coordination bond

190/249

A phenomenon in which the molecules of the dispersion medium are allowed to move under the influence of an electric field whereas colloidal particles are not allowed to move:

Electrodialysis.

Ultracentrifugation.

Electro-osmosis.

Electrophoresis

Hemodialysis.

191/249

Method consisting in removal of low-molecular impurities from colloidal systems and high-molecular compound solutions by semi-permeable membrane diffusion is called:

Dialysis

Ultrafiltration

Electrodialysis

Compensatory dialysis

Decantation

192/249

What color of methyl orange in acidic midium?

Violet;

Orange;

Uncolor.

Blue

Red;

193/249

Adsorption is:

Chemical reaction between adsorbed and adsorbate.

The chromatography analysis.

When molecules have hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups simultaneously.

The phenomenon of concentrated the molecules of а substance on the surface of а liquid or а solid resulting.

The separation of mixtures.

194/249

The mass or volume of liquids, that is absorbed unit units of mass or volume of polymer is named:

Degree of condensation.

Degree of hydrolysis.

Degree of polymerization.

Degree of swelling.

Degree ionizations.

195/249

For the correction of acid-base equilibrium at the acidosis is recommended solution of:

HCl

NaCl

NaHCO3

Na2SO4

glucose

196/249

Compounds which accumulate at the interface, and modify (increase) its surface tension is called:

Surface inactive compound.

Proteins.

Surfactants.

Fatty acids.

Phospholipids.

197/249

Membrane electrode is electrode:

Silver-silver chloride electrode.

Zn/Zn2+ electrode.

Glass electrode.

Hydrogen electrode.

Cu/Cu2+ electrode.

198/249

A reaction that is spontaneous as written:

Is very slow

Is very rapid

Has an equilibrium position that lies far to the left

Will proceed without outside intervention

Is also spontaneous in the reverse direction

199/249

Solid solution is:

Mixture of clay and water.

Solution of sand and oil.

Mixture of N2 and О2

Alloy of nickel and copper.

Solution of cupper sulfate.

200/249

To calculate mass percent of solution which is formed when 30 g of salt dissolve in 220 g of water.

100 %.

25 %.

12.7 %.

10 %.

2 %.

201/249

Henry’s law is

A supersaturated solution is one in which the concentration of solute is greater than its concentration in a saturated solution.

The method for determination of molar mass of compounds by freezing-point depression.

When cells are placed in а solution with а lower solute concentration (hypotonic solution), water will move into the cells. Red blood cells, for example, will swell and rupture.

The solubility of a gas dissolved in a liquid is proportional to the partial pressure of the gas above the liquid.

In hypertonic solutions, those with higher solute concentrations, cells shrivel because there is а net movement of water out of the cell. The shrinkage of red blood cells in hypertonic solution.

202/249

How will change physical and chemical properties at diminishing of length of hydrocarbon radical in the molecules of surface active compounds?

None of these

Decrease interfacial tension

Hydrophylic properties increase

Increase surface activity

Adsorption increases

203/249

How does the process of chemisorption change with the increasing of temperature?

It is increased

It is decreased sinewave

It is decreased

Does not change

It is increased sinewave

204/249

It is used as titrant (secondary standard) in argentometry:

CaSO4.

KBr

KMnO4.

NaCl

AgNO3.

205/249

Adsorption is this:

Concentrated one matter in surface other.

Method of separation mixtures into individual compounds.

Transferred matters from solid into the gas state.

Method gravimetry.

Chromatography analysis.

206/249

Selective solvents are used in laboratories and factories to isolate and refine essential oils, alkaloids, antibiotics and other pharmaceutical substances. This process is called:

Flocculation

Extraction

Flotation

Sedimentation

Coagulation

207/249

How much (in mL) concentrated HCl (12 M) is needed in the preparation of 500 mL (0.5 M) solution of HCl?

100 mL

229.2 mL

20.8 mL

270.8 mL

250 mL

208/249

The symbol H in the following expression represents

Enthalpy

Work

Entropy

Free energy

Internal energy

209/249

Adsorbate is:

Matter which is absorbed

The substance that get adsorbed on the solid surface due to intermolecular attraction.

Product of reactions.

Reagents of reaction.

The substance on the surface of which adsorption occurs.

210/249

Choose the first law of thermodynamics definition:

The energy thus stored within а substance (or а system).

Energy can neither be created nor destroyed although it may be converted from one form to another.

Heat cannot be transferred from one body to a second body at a higher temperature without producing some other effect.

If the volume or pressure is constant the total amount of evolved or absorbed heat depends only on the nature of the initial reactants and the final products and doesn’t depend on the passing way of reaction.

A thermodynamic function of a system, equivalent to the sum of the internal energy of the system plus the product of its volume multiplied by the pressure exerted on it by its surroundings.

211/249

Titrimetric methods are all except:

Neutralization.

Complexometry.

Oxidation-redaction.

Precipitation.

Potentiometry.

212/249

For swellings influence all factors except:

Temperature.

Nature polymer.

Relation between energies of bond in a polymer and solving energy.

Concentrations of polymer

Time.

213/249

Surface active compounds:

Dissolved in water

Does not change surface tension of water

Decrease the surface tension of water

Increase the surface tension of water

Insoluble in water

214/249

What is properties have dispersion systems?

The system has not surface between phases.

Thermodynamics instable system.

Thermodynamics stable system.

A molecule is structural unit of the system.

Homogeneous system.

215/249

What opposing processes occur in saturated solution?

Dissociation and reduction.

Crystallization and reduction.

Oxidation and reduction.

Dissolution and crystallization.

Vaporization and condensation.

216/249

What is activated charcoal internally used for?

Decrease in solubility of nutrients

Formation of complex compounds

Formation of surface films

Combining of poisons and toxins in gastrointestinal tract

Change in gastric juice pH

217/249

Smoke is dispersed system with size dispersed phase particle equal 10-4. What type system of it is(G-gas, L-Liquid, S-solid)?

G/S.

S/L.

S/S.

G/L.

L/L.

218/249

Molality is:

Mass solute in 1 ml of solution.

Mass solute in 100 g of solution.

Number mole solute in 1 kg of solvent.

Number mole-equivalent solute in 1 liter of solution.

Number mole solute in 1 liter of solution.

219/249

Hard water is made soft by passing it through a column packed with high polymer resin. This process makes use of

Adsorption of –vely charged ions

Titration analysis

Heterogeneous catalysis

Cation-exchange

Chromatographic analysis

220/249

The surfactant is all compounds except:

Proteins.

Amino acids.

Fatty acids.

Sodium chloride.

Alcohols.

221/249

Colligative properties is all except:

Vapor-pressure lowering.

Mole mass.

Boiling-point elevation.

Freezing-point depression.

Osmotic pressure.

222/249

Which of the following interface cannot be obtained

Liquid-liqud

Gas-gas

Liquid-solid

Gas-solid

Liqud-gas

223/249

What method is used for determination surface tension?

Chelatometry.

Stalagmometri method.

Chromatography.

Criometry

Potentiaometry.

224/249

Under certain conditions high-molecular substances make gellies that are widely used in drug production. What process takes place during jelly ageing?

Syneresis

Solvatation

Diffusion

Swelling

Thixotropy

225/249

Which of the listed compounds belong to surface active?

Alkalis, inorganic acids

Sulfoacids, amines

Soap and hydrogen carboxylic acids

Alcohols and bases

Mineral acids and salts

226/249

The acidic buffer system is the mixture of the following compounds solutions:

Sodium acetate and sodium chloride

Sodium dihydrogen phosphate and sodium hydrogen phosphate

Ammonium chloride and ammonium hydroxide

Phosphoric acid and sodium sulfate

Sulfuric acid and potassium hydrosulfate

227/249

When cells are placed in а solution with а lower solute concentration (hypotonic solution), so red blood cells will:

Electrophoresis

The shrinkage.

No changes.

Plasmolisis.

Swell and rupture.

228/249

What method is used for the study of separation of dispersion particles by sizes?

Diffusion.

Sedimentation.

Brownian motion.

Electrophoreses.

Osmotic pressure

229/249

The acidic buffer system is the mixture of the following compounds solutions:

Hydrochloric acid and sodium chloride

Sodium acetate and sodium chloride

Anions of dihydrogen phosphate and hydrogen phosphate

Phosphoric acid and sodium sulfate

Ammonium chloride and ammonium hydroxide

230/249

Compounds which accumulate at the interface, and modify (decrease) its surface tension is called:

Mineral salt.

Mineral acids.

Surfactants.

Mineral Bases.

Oxides.

231/249

The adsorption process can be referred to as:

Penetration of adsorbate in the volume of adsorbent

Interaction between two species with different charges

Changing the concentration of a compound in solution

The releasing of the surface of an adsorbent from the adsorbate molecules

The change of concentration of a compound on the surface of the adsorbent

232/249

Titrimetric method classified into four groups based on the:

Acidity of reactive medium.

Physical properties of titrant.

Concentration unit of solution.

Type of reaction involved.

Oxidation number of elements.

233/249

The heat of adsorption is such amount of heat which:

Is taken in under the adsorption of a 1 mole of adsorbate

Is taken in under the adsorption with a 1 mole of the adsorbent

Is released under the desorption of all mass of adsorbate

Is released under the adsorption of all mass of adsorbate

Is released under the adsorption of a 1 mole of adsorbate

234/249

The quantitative measure of swelling is:

Change the nature of polymer.

Unchanging amount of polymer.

Degree swelling.

Volume of turgescent polymer.

Change of solution volume.

235/249

Physical adsorption is a _______ process

Reversible

Exothermic

Always spontaneous

Irreversible

None of these

236/249

The oxidizing-restoration reactions are reaction in which:

One or more electrons are transferred between reaction partners.

Molecules of substance are dissociated into ions.

Hydrolyzed of substances.

Solutions of two ionic substances are mixed and a precipitate falls from solution.

Acid reacts with base.

237/249

What is the pH of the buffer solution which is prepared by mixing of 100 ml 0.3 М NаH2РО4 solution and 100 ml 0.3 М Nа2НРО4 solution? (Ka = 6.3 ·10-8 )

7.20

6.81

7.90

7.53

8.10

238/249

For treatment is widely apply the drugs in form of colloid-disperse systems. What method of sol production is rated as physical condensation?

Hydrolysis

Solvent substitution

Oxidation

Double exchange

Reduction

239/249

Adiabatic process is:

B. * A process is carried out in such а manner that no heat can flow from the system to the surroundings or vice versa i.e. the system is completely insulated from the surroundings.

C. А process during which the volume of the system is kept constant.

А process is carried out in such а manner that the temperature remains constant throughout the process.

А process which is carried out infinitesimally slowly so that all changes occurring in the direct process can be exactly reversed.

А process during which the pressure of the system is kept constant.

240/249

What is the mole fraction of ascorbic acid, C6H8O6 (M = 176 g/mol), in a solution containing 80.5 g of ascorbic acid and 210 g of water?

0.457 0.0377

11.67

0.962

241/249

Colloidal solutions have different properties. Mechanical properties is:

Tyndall affect.

Filterability

Brownian movement.

Heterogeneous character.

Osmotic pressure.

242/249

In which of the given rows acid are placed in order of decreasing of surface tension their solutions of the same concentration?

CH3COOH– HCOOH –C3H7COOH – C5H11COOH

CH3COOH– C3H7COOH–C4H9COOH– C8H17COOH

HCOOH –C3H7COOH – C5H11COOH – CH3COOH

C8H17COOH– C5H11COOH–C2H5COOH– HCOOH

C4H9COOH – C8H17COOH – CH3COOH– C3H7COOH

243/249

What is unit of gas solubility in water:

By mole per milliliter of solvent.

By mole per 1000g of solvent.

By mole.

By grams.

By percent solute.

244/249

Which buffer solution through the listed ones is not included into the buffer systems of the blood:

Protein buffer

Phosphate buffer

Hydrogencarbonate buffer

Acetate buffer

Hemoglobin buffer

245/249

What a matter has standard enthalpy formation equal 0:

NO

H2O

HF

HCl

N2

246/249

What element is micro element?

Ca

F. O

Cl

C

247/249

The gas solubility in water is…

Decrease with increasing temperature.

Increase if is heating solution.

Increase with decreasing pressure.

Decrease with decreasing temperature.

Decrease with increasing pressure.

248/249

Pharmaceutical practice widely applies isotonic solution of sodium chloride. How much sodium chloride is to be taken in order to prepare 100 g of the isotonic solution?

4.5 g

0.45 g

8.5 g

0.85 g

5.0 g

249/249

Rate of chemical reaction is:

The change of temperature.

The change of pH value.

The change of the coloring of indicator.

The dependence of concentration.

The change in the concentration of any one of the reactants or products per unit of time.